PANCREATIC STELLATE CELLS: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION PART 1. MORPHOFUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PANCREATIC STELLATE CELLS UNDER PHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITIONS
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to give a contemporary morphofunctional characterization of stellate cells in a healthy pancreas based on scientific literature data. It is established that in the physiological condition the stellate cells of the pancreas constitute a small number compared with other pancreatic cells (4-7 %). They are present in periacinar space, covering the base of the acinus with the long cytoplasmic processes and also surround the excretory ducts and blood vessels. Specific sign of pancreatic stellate cells is the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein. Quiscent stellate cells are characterized by the presence of vitamin A-laden droplets. They perform an essential role in maintaining the normal structure of the organ by regulating the synthesis and degradation of the extracellular matrix proteins. Other functions of pancreatic stellate cells, such as progenitor, immune, and intermediary are also expected.
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