ESOPHAGEAL SQUAMOUS CELL PAPILLOMA. CASE REPORT
Abstract
Background. Esophageal squamous cell papillomas are rare epithelial lesions with malignant potential, diagnosed by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Their prevalence is from 0.01% to 0.43%. Objective. Description of rare esophageal squamous papilloma diagnosed during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Material and methods. A 38 year-old asymptomatic female patient underwent an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. A growth described as an "esophageal polyp" was detected. The biopsy was performed and specimens were sent forhistopathological study. Results. The final diagnosis of esophageal squamous papilloma was made due to histopathological study. Because of the malignant potential of these lesions, once diagnosed, early treatment is essential to prevent progression to esophageal carcinoma. Conclusions. Esophageal squamous papillomas are increasing in prevalence and have been shown to be potentially malignant. This argues the relevance of the problem and the need for widespread immunizations to control human papillomavirus infection.
References
Uhlenhopp DJ, Olson KM, Sunkara T. Squamous Cell Papilloma of the Esophagus: A Case Series Highlighting Endoscopic and Histologic Features. Case Rep Gastrointest Med. 2020;2020:7645926. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/7645926.
Marshall DC, Kao DD, Bakst R, Sharma S, Ferrandino R, Rosenzweig K, Wisnivesky J, Sigel K. Prognostic role of human papilloma virus status in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol. 2020;5(5):860-867. https://doi.org/10.1002/lio2.443.
Yang L, Francois F, Pei Z. Molecular pathways: pathogenesis and clinical implications of microbiome alteration in esophagitis and Barrett esophagus. Clin Cancer Res. 2012;18(8):2138-2144. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-11-0934.
Chen SH, Wang JW, Li YM. Is alcohol consumption associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease? J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2010;11(6):423-428. https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1000013.
Pantham G, Ganesan S, Einstadter D, Jin G, Weinberg A, Fass R. Assessment of the incidence of squamous cell papilloma of the esophagus and the presence of high-risk human papilloma virus. Dis Esophagus. 2017;30(1):1-5. https://doi.org/10.1111/dote.12475.
Savant D, Zhang Q, Yang Z. Squamous Neoplasia in the Esophagus. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2021;145(5):554-561. https://doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2020-0058-RA.
Syrjänen S, Syrjänen K. HPV-Associated Benign Squamous Cell Papillomas in the Upper Aero-Digestive Tract and Their Malignant Potential. Viruses. 2021;13(8):1624. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13081624.
Zaravinos A. An updated overview of HPV-associated head and neck carcinomas. Oncotarget. 2014;5(12):3956-3969. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.1934.
Yim EK, Park JS. The role of HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins in HPV-associated cervical carcinogenesis. Cancer Res Treat. 2005;37(6):319-324. https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2005.37.6.319.
Bhat YM, Furth EE, Brensinger CM, Ginsberg GG. Endoscopic Resection with Ligation Using a Multi-Band Mucosectomy System in Barrett‘s Esophagus with High-Grade Dysplasia and Intramucosal Carcinoma. Therap Adv Gastroenterol. 2009;2(6):323-330. https://doi.org/10.1177/1756283X09346794.
Reynoso J, Davis RE, Daniels WW, Awad ZT, Gatalica Z, Filipi CJ. Esophageal papillomatosis complicated by squamous cell carcinoma in situ. Dis Esophagus. 2004;17(4):345-347. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2050.2004.00438.x.
Bohn OL, Navarro L, Saldivar J, Sanchez-Sosa S. Identificación de virus del papiloma humano en los papilomas escamosas esofágicas. World J Gastroenterol. 2008;14(46):7107-7111. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.14.7107.
