DYNAMICS OF CYTOKINE STATUS IN PATIENTS WITH OPIOID DEPENDENCE COMBINED WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C
Abstract
Background. A wide prevalence of chronic viral hepatitis, HIV infection, and other secondary immunodeficiency states in drug dependent patients necessitates the evaluation of the serum cytokine profile, which is a reliable factor in assessing the severity of the course and prognosis of opioid dependence (OD).
Objective. The aim of the research was to assess the pathogenetic role of the correlation between the TNF-alpha and interleukin-4 (IL-4) concentration in serum of patients with OD and the presence or absence of comorbid chronic hepatitis C.
Materials and methods We observed 138 patients with opioid dependence (83 men and 55 women) aged from 19 to 48 years, including 89 patients with associated chronic hepatitis C (67 men and 22 women) aged from 21 to 48 years. The serum levels of TNF-alfa and IL-4 and their correlations were determined in all patients.
Results. Low activity of CHC in patients with OD was accompanied by insignificant shift in cytokine balance toward the increase of systemic inflammation during early (0.77±0.04) and late (0.71±0.06) abstinent periods. Patients with moderate activity of CHC showed a considerable shift of cytokine balance toward the increase of systemic inflammation with the rise of the TNF - alfa/IL - 4 coefficient to 1.57±0.07 during the period of acute intoxication and gradual increase of this index during early (1.80±0.09) and late (1.63±0.07) abstinent periods as well as during the period of remission (2.09±0.08).
Conclusion. Activity of CHC influences the nature of the shift in the balance of cytokines.
References
1. Adler, G. Bolezn' Krona i jazvennyj kolit / G. Adler. – Moskva : GJeOTAR-MED, 2001. – 528 s. (Russian)
2. Bitenskij, V. S. Sovremennye aspekty patogeneza psihicheskih i narkologicheskih zabolevanij [Modern aspects of the pathogenesis of mental and narcological diseases] / V. S. Bitenskij, Je. V. Mel'nik // Vіsnik psihіchnogo zdorov'’ja. – 2001. – № 3. – S. 20-23. (Russian)
3. Borovikov, V. P. STATISTICA. Statisticheskij analiz i obrabotka dannyh v srede Windows / V. P. Borovikov, P. Borovikov. – Moskva : Informacionno-izdatel'skij dom «Filin», 1997. – 608 s. (Russian)
4. Populjacіjno-genetichnij analіz formuvannja stanіv zalezhnostі ta ocіnka mozhlivostej protidії їhn'omu poshirennju [Population-genetic analysis of state formation and the capability depending combating their spread] / P. V. Voloshin, І. V. Lіns'kij, O. І. Mіnko, O. S. Samojlova, K. І. Lіns'ka // Ukraїns'kij vіsnik psihonevrologії. – 2013. – T. 21, vip. 4. – S. 5-11. (Ukrainian)
5. Gudok, R. B. Syvorotochnye citokiny pri gljutenovoj jenteropatii [Serum cytokines with gluten enteropathy] / R. B. Gudok, S. G. Zhukova, L. M. Krums // Rossijskij gastrojenterologicheskij zhurnal. – 2001. – № 2. – S. 121. (Russian).
6. Drannik, G. N. Klinicheskaja immunologija i allergologija / G. N. Drannik. – Odessa : AstroPrint, 1999. – 604 s. (Russian).
7. Ershov, F. I. Jeffektivnost' cikloferona v terapii nespecificheskogo jazvennogo kolita [The effectiveness of cycloferon in the treatment of ulcerative colitis] / F. I. Ershov, S. S. Grigorjan, O. A. Guseva // Mezhdunarodnyj medicinskij zhurnal. – 2002. – № 5. – S. 423-434. (Russian)
8. Kondashova, Z. D. Soderzhanie interlejkinov, ceruloplazmina v syvorotke krovi pri razlichnyh formah hronicheskogo pankreatita [The content of interleukins, ceruloplasmin in the blood serum with various forms of chronic pancreatitis] / Z. D. Kondashova, T. I. Serova, T. V. Nilova // Medicinskaja immunologija. – 2002. – T. 4, № 2. – S. 240-241. (Russian).
9. Linskij, I. V. Vzaimootnoshenija mezhdu zavisimost'ju ot psihoaktivnyh veshhestv i indeksom chelovecheskogo razvitija v Ukraine na protjazhenii 1999-2010 gg. Vozmozhnosti prognoza [The relationship between dependence on psychoactive substances and the human development index in Ukraine throughout 1999-2010. Prediction capabilities] / I. V. Linskij // Psihiatrija, psihoterapija i klinicheskaja psihologija. – 2013. – № 3. – S. 36-44. (Russian).
10. Mіshiєv V. D. Psihіchnі ta povedіnkovі rozladi vnaslіdok vzhivannja opіoїdіv: klіnіka, dіagnostika, terapіja. – L'vіv : Vidavnictvo Ms, 2005. – 200 s. (Ukrainian)
11. Interlejkiny pri jazvennoj bolezni zheludka i dvenadcatiperstnoj kishki [Interleukins for peptic ulcer of stomach and duodenum] / G. N. Sokolova, T. M. Caregorodceva, M. M. Zotina, E. A. Dubcova // Rossijskij gastrojenterologicheskij zhurnal. – 2001. – № 2. – S. 147-148. (Russian)
12. Sosin, I. K. Narkologija / I. K. Sosin, Ju. F. Chuev. – Har'kov : Kollegium, 2015. – 800 s. (Russian)
13. Shapovalov V. V. Organіzacіjno-pravovі pіdhodi do virіshennja problem zamіsnoї pіdtrimuval'noї terapії v umovah reformuvannja sferi ohoroni zdorov'ja v Ukraїnі na zasadah farmacevtichnogo prava [The organizational approaches to solving the problems of substitution therapy in healthcare reform in Ukraine based on pharmaceutical law] / V. V. Shapovalov, І. K. Sosіn // Ukraїns'kij vіsnik psihonevrologії. – 2014. – T. 22, vip. 4 (81). – S. 144-148. (Ukrainian).
14. Faizova, L. P. Jekspressija provospalitel'nyh, regulirujushhih i rostovyh citokinov u bol'nyh hronicheskim pankreatitom [Expression of proinflammatory, regulatory and growth cytokines in patients with chronic pancreatitis] / L. P. Faizova // Rossijskij zhurnal gastrojenterologii, gepatologii, koloproktologii. – 2005. – № 3. – S.66-69. (Russian)
15. Caregorodceva, T. M. Citokiny v gastrojenterologii / T. M. Caregorodceva, T. I. Serova . – Moskva : Anaharsis, 2003. – 96 s. (Russian).
16. Kuang, Y. M. Changes of the immune cells, cytokines and growth hormone in teenager drug addicts / Y. M. Kuang, Y. C. Zhu, Y. Kuang // Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi. – 2007. – Vol. 23 (9). – P. 821-823.
17. Tumor necrosis factor - alpha and its inducer inhibit morphine - induced rewarding effects and sensitization / M. Niwa [ et al.] // Biol. Psychiatry. – 2007. – Vol. 62 (6). – P. 658-668.
